Scorpion envenomations continue to present a substantial public health challenge in Algeria, despite a favorable shift in indicators during 2025. In its latest annual report, the National Institute of Public Health (INSP) notes a 10.49% decline in recorded incidents compared to the previous year. However, the death toll remained unchanged, underscoring the imperative to sustain high vigilance, particularly across Saharan territories.
According to INSP data, 41,987 cases of scorpion stings were documented in 2025, compared to 46,908 in 2024. Despite this reduction, the total fatalities remained static at 20 victims, confirming that these incidents endure as a primary concern for health authorities.
The report notes that scorpion stings have been classified as a major public health issue in Algeria since the mid-1980s due to their medical and socio-economic burden. Although non-communicable and not subject to mandatory reporting, they have undergone epidemiological tracking since 1986. This strategy gained momentum through the implementation of the National Program Against Scorpion Envenomation, introduced in 1997 to curb morbidity and mortality connected to these encounters.
The INSP also notes that roughly 2,500 scorpion species exist globally. Algeria hosts 46 species, including two endemic varieties, with nearly 20% being venomous—notably those belonging to the Androctonus, Buthus, Buthiscus, and Leiurus genera. The species Androctonus australis is classified as the most lethal due to its potent venom.
Epidemiological analysis reveals pronounced regional disparities. While 75.6% of provinces recorded a drop in incidence rates during 2025, the Deep South remains the hardest-hit area with 570.4 cases per 100,000 residents—the highest rate nationally—even though it accounts for only 5.54% of the total case count.
The breakdown indicates that males face the highest exposure, representing 61.54% of registered cases. July records the highest concentration of stings, while 51.08% of incidents occur outdoors compared to 48.92% indoors. The hours between 6:00 PM and midnight account for more than a third of cases (35.06%), matching the timeframe when scorpions exhibit peak activity. Lower limbs are the most frequent target areas (45.2%), closely followed by upper limbs (44.9%).
The report once again highlights the extreme vulnerability of young children. Two deaths occurred among infants under one year old, the age bracket exhibiting the highest fatality rate. Children aged 1 to 4 accounted for 40% of all fatalities recorded in 2025. Furthermore, 64.3% of deaths occurred in rural areas, and 57.1% of victims suffered a sting inside their homes. In light of these findings, the INSP stresses the critical need for prompt medical intervention following a sting. Specialists advise shaking out clothes and footwear before wearing them, avoiding walking barefoot, keeping living areas clean, and seeking immediate care at a medical facility if stung, particularly when a child is involved.